Latest Developments, June 28

In today’s news…

As expected, Christine Lagarde has become the new head of the International Monetary Fund. The position came up for grabs when her predecessor resigned after being charged with sexual assault. But Lagarde may not be above reproach either, as she is currently under investigation for her her involvement in a questionable legal settlement involving 403 million euros in public money.

In the US, the trial of businessmen caught in a sting trying to defraud the people of Gabon is a sign of an increased willingness to crack down on Americans who try to bribe foreign officials. At the same time, an unassuming house in Cheyenne, Wyoming suggests tax havens are not just islands in the Caribbean.

British Prime Minister David Cameron reminds us his government is taking the lead on aid transparency. So far, only 12 governments are signatories to the International Aid Transparency Initiative. Germany is the only other G8 country among them.

Britain also found itself in a minority position when its delegates recently opted not to support a proposed International Labour Organization convention aimed at protecting the rights of domestic workers. Although the motion passed, the US, Canada and the Netherlands made it clear that in spite of their votes of support, they were unlikely to ratify the convention.

Argentina is not the only G20 country struggling to tackle money laundering. Up to $15 billion is laundered annually in Canada. And new statistics show its police only manage to identify a suspect in 18 percent of money laundering cases and prosecutors secure a conviction in just a third of trials in which money laundering is the most serious charge.

A number of civil society organizations have signed an open letter calling for the UN to establish an international tax cooperation body, while Christian Aid’s Julian Boys blasts the International Accounting Standards Board for secrecy he argues harms both the world’s poor and the IASB’s own interests.

Libya says the International Criminal Court arrest warrants issued against Gadhafi and his sons end any possibility of a negotiated settlement to the current conflict, thereby providing additional ammunition for those who argue international justice in its current form may actually harm the cause of peace in Africa.

Despite much fretting in wealthy countries about perceived mass influxes of refugees, a new UN report shows 80 percent of the world’s refugees are in poor countries, with Pakistan, Iran and Syria leading the way. The findings prompted UN High Commissioner for Refugees Antonio Guterres to speak of a “worrying unfairness in the international protection paradigm.”

The Overseas Development Institute’s Jonathan Glennie, a vocal proponent of “beyond aid” thinking, writes about reducing aid dependence rather than reducing aid. The former requires replacing aid money with other sources of revenue. The article draws extensively from a recent talk by a Uganda Revenue Authority official who asks: “Is foreign aid to Africa promoting the strengthening of tax administration or simply having a substitution effect?”

 

Latest Developments, June 27

In today’s news…

The UN Security Council has voted unanimously to send 4,200 Ethiopian peacekeepers to Sudan’s disputed Abyei region. As a neighbouring country that has been involved in military conflicts with two of its other neighbours – Eritrea and Somalia –  in recent years, Ethiopia is an interesting choice. David Shinn, a former US ambassador to Ethiopia, is not worried but he discusses the Ethiopia-Sudan relationship’s past and future challenges.

The UN Food and Agriculture Organization has just chosen a new head and the International Monetary Fund is about to do the same. The weekend’s FAO vote went against wealthy donor countries preferring a Spanish candidate to the Brazilian who won on the strength of wide support from the Global South. Given the divisions within the FAO and how far the Millennium Development Goal to halve world hunger by 2015 has gone off track, José Graziano da Silva’s job is unlikely to be an easy one. “Along with tackling the linked problem of climate change, delivering global food and nutrition security is the challenge of our time,” former UN secretary general Kofi Annan said over the weekend, as the number of chronically hungry climbs above 1 billion. At the same time, the number of obese people is closing in on 2 billion. Not surprisingly perhaps, new data on diabetes trends over the last three decades are all over the map. Among the big winners with an overall decreased incidence: Poland, Myanmar and Zambia. Among the big losers with increases of more than 60 percent: the US, Papua-New Guinea and Spain.

After the FAO disappointment, the North is expected to fare better in the IMF thanks to that organization’s vote-as-you-pay scheme, in which the US alone holds 17 percent of the votes and Europe close to 50. Tomorrow’s anticipated election of French finance minister Christine Lagarde will continue the exclusive ownership of the IMF leadership Europe has enjoyed since the organization’s inception. Despite growing pressure to relinquish this hold, European leaders have argued that the body’s primary focus is currently the eurozone crisis and its leadership should reflect that fact.

(As an aside, the International Criminal Court’s latest weekly update is out. Apart from an item on a visit from the Dutch foreign minister, the entire issue pertains to Africa. It remains to be seen whether European leaders will follow their IMF logic by pushing for an African to become the next chief prosecutor.)

While the IMF waits for official word of its new leader, it may have lost a customer, as Egypt appears to have decided it does not want a loan after all. And a number of Arab NGOs are accusing donors, such as the IMF and World Bank, of undermining the Arab Spring by imposing excessive conditions on loans.

The IMF’s sister institution, the World Bank, wants to include anti-corruption lessons in the curricula of poor countries. There is no word at present of a complementary initiative to teach rich countries how to tackle the supply side of graft.

In the private sector, Wal-Mart is heading to Africa where it is encountering considerable resistance. And the government of Peru has just revoked the license of Canadian mining company Bear Creek, following protests in which police killed at least five demonstrators. The company whose share prices tumbled on Monday vowed to take action against the government under the Canada-Peru bilateral free trade agreement which passed though the Canadian Parliament in 2009, just days after dozens were killed in protests over planned resource exploitation in the Amazon.

Finally, and appropriately for this first edition of Latest Developments, a plea to make fighting global inequality a priority.